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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク History of the Ukrainian minority in Poland ： ウィキペディア英語版 History of the Ukrainian minority in Poland The history of the Ukrainian minority in Poland dates back to the Late Middle Ages, preceding the 14th century Galicia–Volhynia Wars between Casimir III the Great of Poland, and Liubartas of Lithuania. Following the extinction of the Rurikid dynasty in 1323, the Polish Kingdom extended further east in 1340 to include the lands of Przemyśl and in 1366, Kamianets-Podilskyi (Kamieniec Podolski). After the Union of Lublin (1569), principalities of Galicia and Western Volhynia became, what's known as, the Ruthenian Voivodeship of the Polish Crown, while the rest of Red Ruthenia together with Kiev came under Lithuanian control. The Polish borders reached as far east as Zaporizhia, and Poltava. ==Kingdom of Poland and Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth== The annexation of Red Ruthenia by Casimir III (Kazimierz) came about as a result of the Polish–Lithuanian peace treaty signed in 1366. It was a two-stage affair, according to ''Hustyn Chronicle'' by Zakhariia Kopystensky (d.1627). The Polish King vowed to respect the Orthodox faith, but also, bestowed the Ruthenian gentry with the same rights as the Polish. Kopystensky – the re-discoverer of the ancient Hypatian Codex of southern Rus – regarded the eastern Slavs as "one nation in the medieval sense of the term, descended from a common ancestor." He "clearly differentiates between Muscovy and Ukraine-Rus'" in his work. The total area of Ruthenian lands annexed by Poland was about , and most of the population spoke Ruthenian (a linguistic predecessor of both modern Ukrainian and Belarusian〔Patricia Kennedy Grimsted. The Ruthenian (Volhynian) Metrica: Polish Crown Chancery Records for Ukrainian Lands, 1569–1673. In: Harvard Ukrainian Studies. Vol. 14/nr 1-2. Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute. June 1990. p. 9.〕). The local nobility gradually became polonized, and many members of the Ruthenian ''szlachta'' converted to Roman Catholicism.〔Paul Robert Magocsi. A History of Ukraine: The land and its Peoples. University of Toronto Press. 2010. p. 157.〕〔Orest Subtelny. Ukraine: a history. University of Tornonto Press. 2000. pp. 94–96, 102.〕 Among the most famous Ruthenian families who polonized themselves were the Wiśniowiecki, Zbarascy, Zasławski, and Czartoryski families. Others, such as the Ostrogski, Sanguszko, and Kisiel families, resisted polonization. All these noble Ruthenian families were very influential in pre-1795 Poland, and one of the Polish kings, Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki, was the son of a notable Ruthenian magnate Jeremi Wiśniowiecki. Ukrainian historian Mykhailo Hrushevsky and representative of populist movement in Ukraine, attacked Poland, claiming: "the four centuries of Polish rule had left particularly destructive effects (...) economic and cultural backwardness in Galicia was the main "legacy of historical Poland, which assiduously skimmed everything that could be considered the cream of the nation, leaving it in a state of oppression and helplessness".〔C. M. Hann, Paul Robert Magocsi. ''Galicia: A Multicultured Land''. University of Toronto, 2005. ISBN 0-8020-3781-X. (Google Print, Page 85 ).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of the Ukrainian minority in Poland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.